Weighting and dyeing silks



Patented June 5, 1923.

UNITED STATES CARL VON DER SGHMALZ, 0F PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

WEIGHTING'AND DYEING SILKS.

N0 Drawing.

To all "whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CARL VON DER SoI-i'nacz, a citizen of the German Republic, residing at Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in )Veighting and Dyeing Silks, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to weighting and dyeing silk, and the object thereof is to provide an improved silk and process of weighting and dyeing the-same by means of non-injurious elements so as'to produce weighted silk which is non-poisonous; which obviates the use of a metallic salt or other chemicals which cause deterioration of the silk; which presents greater resistance of the dyed materials to the action of soap or a wash of soap and sodium carbonate; greater strength of the fiber after dyeing, steaming, etc.; greater uniformity of the tints; which will permit weighting and dyeing of the silk in fabric, either alone or when combined with other vegetable or ani mal fibers; and which is sun-fast and lightfast.

In carrying out the invention and treating, for example, one-hundred pounds (100 lbs.) of silk or silk combined with other textiles, the process is as follows The first step consists in boiling off the silk in a 15% solution of olive soap with water.

The second step consists in dyeing the silk, the dye stuff being at a boiling point of 212 F. and maintained at this temperature for one hour, after which 25% by weight of the silk treated, of Glaubers salt (sodium sulphate), is added. The material is left to stand for one hour at the same temperature in this solution.

The third step consists in making the color fast with a 3% solution of formaldehyde, after washing or rinsing in cold water, to which one pound (1 lb.) of chrome potash is added. The silk is allowed to stand in this solution for thirty minutes at 130 F. and particular care must be taken to avoid higher temperatures, unless it is desired to produce lighter shades, due to the setting free of the formaldehyde at higher temperatures. The material is then rinsed or washed off again in cold water.

The fourth and important step consists in combining with boiling hot water at the proportion of one hundred and twenty-five Application filed August 10, 1922.

Serial No. 581,027.

pounds -(125 lbs.) of sumac to 200 gallons of water or sixty-two and one half pounds (62% lbs.) to 100 gallons of water, in which solution the silk is allowed to stand for 1;); hrs, after which it is removed and washed in clear cold water. combined therewith, 10% of tannic acid (C I-T 0 and'is a non-poisonous vegetable matter of relatively high specific gravity in the form of a viscous syrup, either light or dark, according to the shade of the material to be treated. This treatment swells or expands the fibers and the solution penetrates and adheres to the same, to produce a high grade weighted silk with a maximum of weight consistent with the 1 treatment of the silk in fabric form as distinguished from the treatment of souple.

The last step in the process consists in again soaking the silk in a 10% olive soap solution'with water at 120 F., for thirty minutes, to give the necessary finish or lustre of silk, then washing the silk in luke warm water and then fresh or clear water at 100 F. to which is added 15% by weight of the silk treated or fifteen pounds (15 lbs.) of 20% acetic acid to one-hundred pounds (100 lbs.) of the material treated and one-half pint of olive oil dissolved in one oz. of sodium carbonate to hold the oil in suspension and produce an emulsion to soften the silk as well as produce the effect known as scroup. The material thus treated is then stirred in fresh water and removed and dried. In the case of hosiery, the material is passed through an extractor or in the'case of piece goods, may be passed through a drier.

So far as I am aware, it is entirely new to employ sumac for the purposes stated and particularly for weighting purposes in the treatment of silk. Light or dark shades of material may be treated and as an example, the silk may be treated alone either in knitted goods, such as hosiery, or in piece goods, or the silk may be treated when combined with other vegetable or animal fibers. For instance, the silk may be combined with cotton and the process adapted for treating black silk hosiery with feet and tops of mercerized cOttOIl without injuring the cotton.

The sumac may have In lieu of employing sumac, especially for will have a fast color which is not affected by sun'lig or wa ter, thuslrendering the silk 42J;Zll)l(0' ting washed without fading.

Ha ring thus described any invention, what lclaim as new a d desire to secure 'by-Lettel-s Patent is-:

ii The hercindescribedproc es of weight- -silh fabrics consisting in subjecting "the d fabrics to the action of a solutioniot a i'1on poisonous Vegetable syrup containing tannic acid.

*2. T he hereindescribed process of weightingsillr fabrics consisting in subjecting the dyed fabrics t0 the action-of asolution of a non-poisonous vegetable syrup containing tannic acid with tannic acid added.

3. The herein described process of weightsilk fabrics consisting in subjectingthe dyed fabrics to the action of a solution of sumac with boiling water.

4. The herein described process of weighting silk fabrics consisting in subjecting the dyed fabrics to the action of a solution of sumac with boiling water with tannic acid added.

5. l heiherein described process of Weighting silk fabrics consisting in subjecting the dyed fabrics :to {the action of a solution of sumac with boiling Water in the ratio of from sixty to seventy pounds of commercial extract of sumac to one-hundred gallons of water.

6. The herein described process of weighti-ngsilk fabricsconsisting in subjecting the dyed fiabrics :to the action of a solution of sumac in boiling water, soaking the fabrics in an olivesoap solution, washing, treating with a solution of acetic acid with olive oil dissolved in sodium carbonate, rinsing in water and drying.

In testimonywhereof I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribingwitnesses.

CARL VON .nnn SCl-IMALZ.

lVitnesses:

EDWARD J. HOLLAND, CHAS. E. Forms. 

